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“In particular – observes Professor Tessarolo – this methodology makes it possible to reduce the risk of overheating of the magnets due to harmonic fields at the air gap and the problem of the limited number of combinations of project-acceptable poly-slots, especially in the case of a number of phases greater than 3. The methodology, which is based on a particular algorithm of quadratic optimization, nevertheless easily implemented in widespread computing environments (such as Matlab), permits reducing some of the drawbacks of concentrated winding machines. “Configurations in which – explains Professor Tessarolo – there can be several coils of different phases wound around the same tooth, as exemplified in figure 2, identifiable by different colours depending on the phase to which they belong. In response to these critical issues, Professor Tessarolo has recently developed and proposed a methodology for the optimized design of concentrated windings, using multi-layer configurations. Large reduction of losses in the magnets, with small reduction in torque In the case of multi-phase windings, the scope of permissible poly-slot combinations is significantly reduced, thus significantly limiting the designer’s choice and precluding, in some cases, the adoption of wound tooth technology. The limitation in question becomes particularly restrictive in the case of windings with more than three phases (m>3), as is often required to increase reliability. The above relation restricts the choice of the number of slots Z and poles P to a limited number of combinations (which we can define as “conventional combinations”). Must be an integer number, having indicated by MCD (Z, P/2) the Maximum Common Divisor between Z and P/2. More precisely, for the feasibility of winding, the quantity K, as shown in the following relation: In general, concentrated windings are usually considered feasible only if the number of slots Z and the number of poles P satisfy a precise algebraic relationship. This is possible, in fact, at the state of the art, only for motors and permanent magnet generators in which the number of slots, indicated by Z, is similar (a little higher or a little lower) to the number of poles P. Moreover, it is not always possible to opt for concentrated windings. The lap windings are used in large machines, because in the large machines current carrying capacity is more critical.A drawback of concentrated windings is the fact that they, even when supplied with ideal currents, produce harmonic fields at the machine air gap which are capable of inducing losses due to eddy currents in permanent magnets and consequent overheating. The EMF generated in the lap winding is equal to the EMF in each parallel path.
#Motor winding types series
In the case of wave winding, the armature coils are connected in series through the commutator segments in such a way that the armature winding is divided into two parallel paths irrespective of the number of poles of the machine, i.e., In DC machines, two types of armature windings are used − The coils are connected in series through the commutator segments such that their EMFs are added to each other. In the case of drum type winding, the armature conductors (in the form of coils) are placed in the slots around the surface of cylindrical or drum shaped armature core. In DC machines, the drum type armature windings are used.